What is the most effective way to gather all of my personal stuff within Linux and it be as plug and play with every distro as possible?

Like if I wanted to infinitely distro hop to avoid this fucking Trainwreck right here, how would I easily and effectively ensure I can?

Can I take a set of folders?

Is there a backup format of some kind?

Is there a way to do this with installed programs in a way that can be dropped in?